The initial stage of periodontal treatment is usually a thorough "deep cleaning" that includes scaling, aimed at removing plaque and tartar (calculus) from unhealthy periodontal "pockets" and root surfaces. The roots are also planed, to eliminate bacterial toxins and allow the gum tissue to heal and reattach to the tooth. In some cases, the occlusion, or bite, may also require adjustment to better distribute the forces of occlusion to favor optimal treatment response. Removal of the etiologic factors that cause inflammation helps to minimize the periodontal disease process.
SRP may be performed using ultrasonic instrumentation, as well as hand instruments, such as periodontal scalers and curettes. This procedure can be performed by your dentist, dental specialist or licensed dental hygienist and is typically performed under local anesthesia at one or more appointments. Proper reevaluation after one to two months is necessary to determine the need for additional periodontal therapy and/or future periodontal maintenance care.
Antibiotics or irrigation with anti-microbials (chemical agents or mouth rinses) may be recommended to help control the growth of bacteria that create toxins and cause periodontitis. In some cases, Dr. Ferguson may place antibiotic fibers in the periodontal pockets after scaling and root planing. This may be done to control infection and to encourage normal healing.
When deep pockets between teeth and gums are present, it is difficult for Dr. Ferguson to thoroughly remove plaque and tartar. Patients can seldom, if ever, keep these pockets clean and free of plaque. Consequently, surgery may be needed to restore periodontal health.